A Practical Guide to Seizures in Dogs & Cats
An interactive guide for veterinary interns on the diagnosis, treatment, and management of seizing patients.
Scroll down to explore Etiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, Calculators, and a Knowledge Check.
Etiology & Pathophysiology
A seizure is a clinical sign of abnormal, excessive electrical activity in the brain. The causes are broadly divided into those outside the brain (extracranial) and inside the brain (intracranial).
Diagnostic Approach
The goal of the diagnostic workup is to rule out extracranial causes and then localize the intracranial cause, if possible.
Treatment Options & Monitoring
Treatment is divided into emergency management of active seizures (status epilepticus) and long-term maintenance therapy.
Emergency Seizure Drug Calculator
Calculate emergency doses for patients in status epilepticus.
Select a drug and enter weight to calculate.
Knowledge Check
Test your understanding of the key concepts presented in this guide.
This tool is for educational purposes and should not replace clinical judgment. Doses should always be confirmed with a veterinarian.